A inclusão de estudantes com o transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) na educação profissional e tecnológica: percepções de docentes do ensino médio integrado

Abstract

Special Education from the perspective of Inclusive Education has advanced within the Brazilian normative framework; however, a significant gap remains between institutional guidelines and the effective implementation of inclusive pedagogical practices in the daily context of Professional and Technological Education (PTE), particularly in the educational provision for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in inland regions of the Amazon. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the inclusion of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Professional and Technological Education, based on the perceptions of teachers working in Integrated High School at the Federal Institute of Pará (IFPA), Óbidos Campus, seeking to identify challenges and possibilities related to the implementation of inclusive pedagogical practices in the Technical Course in Informatics integrated with High School. Methodologically, this research adopts a qualitative approach, developed through documentary analysis of institutional instruments (Institutional Development Plan – PDI, Pedagogical Course Project – PPC, resolutions, and internal regulations) and the application of semi-structured questionnaires to 15 teachers working in the Integrated High School Technical Course in Informatics. The data were analyzed using Content Analysis as proposed by Bardin (2016), enabling the organization and interpretation of thematic categories. The results revealed advances at the normative level and in the institutional recognition of inclusion as a structuring principle, highlighting mechanisms such as the Center for Assistance to People with Specific Educational Needs (NAPNE) and the Individualized Educational Plan (IEP). However, persistent weaknesses were also identified in the operationalization of inclusive policies, including gaps in teacher training, insufficient specialized support, the absence of systematic collaborative planning, and the frequent use of improvised pedagogical strategies, often sustained by the individual efforts of teachers. As a scientific contribution, this study expands the debate on the inclusion of students with ASD in Professional and Technological Education, a field still underexplored in Brazilian research, particularly in Amazonian contexts. As an applied outcome, the study presents the Educational Product “ASD: Voices of Inclusion in PTE”, a training podcast aimed at raising awareness and strengthening inclusive practices within the Federal Education Network.