Conectando ideias e iluminando conceitos: explorando a radiação do corpo negro por meio da metodologia Peer Instruction

Abstract

This work presents a Didactic Sequence (SD) formulated from the dissertation titled "EXPLORING THE CONCEPTS OF BLACKBODY RADIATION FROM CLASSICAL TO MODERN PHYSICS WITH THE PEER INSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY," which investigated the effectiveness of the Peer Instruction (PI) methodology in teaching blackbody radiation concepts to students in the 11th stage of EJA (Youth and Adult Education). The main objective of the SD is to relate the types of electromagnetic radiation, especially thermal radiation, to the laws of Classical and Modern Physics that describe the radiation emitted and/or absorbed by a blackbody, using the PI methodology as a tool to promote active learning. The choice of PI is justified by its suitability to the EJA teaching structure, which combines synchronous classes (Mondays and Fridays) and face-to-face classes (Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays). Asynchronous classes were used for the pre-class moment, where students had their first contact with the content. Face-to-face classes were used for the in-class moment, where content was reviewed based on students' difficulties, and to promote peer discussion. Following the implementation of the SD's preliminary version, the in-class moments were adjusted to better address the difficulties presented by the students. The SD consists of 4 classes, each lasting 55 minutes. The first 3 classes are structured around a pre-class moment and an in-class moment. However, these classes should have ideally been divided into 3 moments: pre-class, in-class, and post-class, where the objective is to consolidate learning through problem-solving. Nevertheless, considering the reality of the EJA students, the post-class moment was applied in the fourth class. The results from the SD's application indicated that students achieved at least 70% accuracy in problem solving situations, demonstrating the effectiveness of the PI methodology in teaching complex modern physics concepts within the EJA context.